The nucleolus from a liquid droplet perspective

Abstract The nucleolus is a membrane-less organelle sequestered from the nucleus by liquid droplet formation through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). It plays important roles in cell homoeostasis its internal thermodynamic changes. Reversible nucleolar transitions between coalescence and dispersion are dependent on concentrations, conformations interactions of molecular droplet-forming components, including DNA, RNA protein. droplet-like properties enable diverse dynamic roles. mechanism, which nucleoplasm despite absence membrane, explains number complex functions.